فصلنامه مطالعات بین رشته ای دانش راهبردی
پیاپی 35 (تابستان 1398)

The speed of environmental changes and increasing the level malleability and unpredictability of business environments, Severely reduced the Efficiency and effectiveness of classical approach to strategy. Because of the unquestionable facts and the basic assumptions of classical approach to strategy has been damaged and Faced with fundamental difficulties that it does not respond to competition and excellence in the era of uncertainty. This article tries to identify and explain the problems and challenges of the classical approach to strategy and organizational teachings related to the modification, correction and completion of it, to design and fit interactive and structural model. In this study, for designing and explaining the interactive model of this research, while conducting library studies, based on qualitative content analysis method and theoretical coding, was performed to semi-structured interview in 21 industry if Defence Holding firm. Accordingly, the results of the analysis of qualitative data whose validity was confirmed by professors and academic experts was shown in the form of 2 latent variable, 11 key components and 37 observed variables. Also, the fitness and acceptable validity of graphic relationships in the interactive model of this study performed on structural equation modeling. The results of applying the proposed methodology implies to sustainable competive advantage and discipline without flexibility in strategy processes, as basic challenges of classical approach to strategy, and pragmatism and flexibility, as most key of organizational teachings in the era of uncertainty, in this case study.

In this paper, the challenges between two countries, Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia, were modeled using game theory and we investigate strategies of each one of these countries. Finally, with the aim of investigating war utility. We are try to find the strategic equilibrium point between them. For this, we drive the utility function for each one of the categoric strategy of each side of the war and investigate on them.

Forty years since the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the concern of most elites, intellectuals, the people who care about the System and Revolution and especially that of the wise leader of Islamic Revolution is a comprehensive and wise struggle without tolerance against economical corruption. Aims of the Supreme leader as the fundamental theory is the focus of the present research, and the aim of this research is to identify the factors, importance, consequences and approaches to counter economic corruption, with emphasis on national security, and to achieve this goal, we used qualitative content analysis, and in organizing the analysis, we used the raw data for Inductive approach based on discussion, inference of concepts, issues and indices. Then, by discovery of fundamental meanings, inference, conceptualization, economical corruption issues and the components of national security within the goals and guidelines of The Supreme Leader, reasons, importance, consequences and approaches against economical corruption were identified. The results of this study confirm this point that, serious and fundamental confrontation against economic corruption in five dimensions results in upgrading security components, increased public and economic security of the community, improvements in performance, efficacy, system health, and Promotion and stabilization of the national security of the country.

Planning to control and manage insecurities and crises caused by the armed conflicts and violent clashes of the opposition requires an accurate understanding of their capabilities and capacities. In this study, attempts have been made to answer the research question not only by examining ISIL threats against Iran but also assessing the threat level of ISIL against Iran before and after the collapse of this group. This is an applied research in which analytical-descriptive method was carried out through a review of documents using security experts' ideas. The sample of the study includes a number of 30 security experts in the field. Data collection was conducted through fieldwork and deskwork. The realm of the threat is the Islamic Republic of Iran, and its period is after the collapse of ISIL for five years. The results indicated that the ISIS's threat to the Islamic Republic of Iran, after the collapse of ISIL, has not only not diminished, but also increased, since its deployment. Of course, these findings should not be interpreted as making ISIS more powerful after the collapse, but it indicates that the vast majority of ISIL capabilities at the time of deployment were used only to clash with dissenters in order to preserve and protect the captured areas, and there wasn’t the possibility of using them against Iran, but, in post-collapse situations, It is possible to use them against the Islamic republic of Iran.

Supply and procurement chain is considered as one of the key components of the organization's logistics system and its improvement can have a significant impact on the improvement of the performance of procurement systems. Therefore, the present research has identified and evaluated the fundamental challenges in procurement systems of a defensive organization in our country.This is a applied research that its method is sequential blended (qualitative- quantitative). The model developing is done qualitatively through theme analysis. Data resources of this phase consists of existing literature of procurement systems and supply chain. Data gathering is done until accessing theoretical saturation. The model testing is done quantitatively through confirmatory factor analysis through LISREL software. The population of interest in the second phase consists of 150 persons of logistics and finance managers and employees and purchasing personnel of the studied defensive organization which have been selected randomly as statistical sample. Data collection tool has been a researcher-made questionnaire that was used for the survey. The findings showed that the main challenges facing defensive organizations can be categorized into three general categories: disruptions, sanctions and purchasing requirements. Removing these challenges can facilitate improving of procurement system and supply chain of the organization.

An effort to improve the economic situation based on a resistive economy can lead to an increase in the national production and the localization of industrial and modern technology. In this study, based on the general policies of resistive economy and the important variables in achieving a resistive economy, a model including the variables of the share of gross capital formation from GDP, the ratio of active population to total population, patents, the share of sum exports and imports of goods and services from GDP, share of government expenditures on education from GDP, and the official exchange rate was selected and the effect of these variables on the resistive economy and GDP is evaluated by using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag method (ARDL) based on time series data (1973-2014). The results indicate that, in the long-term, the share of gross capital formation of GDP and the ratio of active population to the total population have been the most important determinants of GDP growth in Iran. Therefore, to achieve resistive economy and pursuant to paragraphs 1, 3, 9, 10 and 20 of the general resistive economy policies, it is necessary to facilitate coordination and adjustment between the financial-monetary system, and also production and the country's foreign policy. Also, officials should consider reforming the country's educational system in order to foster creative and innovative labor where arrangements can be tailored to meet labor market needs.

In today's world, organizations are the most important part of society. The fulfillment of organizational goals and demands is influenced by various factors such as commitment, justice and organizational trust, ethical culture and ethical behavior in the organization. To implement ethics in governmental organizations also, leaders and managers need to be familiar with this category and it is also a prominent example of implementing ethical behaviors. The present research studies and analyzes ethical leadership in governmental organizations with the aim of conceptualizing it. This research has been carried out within the framework of a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interview tools are used to collect data. With the use of snowball sampling method, 10 experts and professors of expert management in this field have been selected and interviewed. Theme Analysis method has been used to analyze the data and based on the results, conceptualization has taken place. Ethical leadership includes two personal and contextual dimensions. The personal dimension is personality, behavioral, and spiritual and the contextual dimension includes management and social features.

Today, many requests are presented to business companies by various stakeholders of the maritime supply chain such as shareholders, banks, commodity owners and regulatory agencies to review their duties and responsibilities by considering some important aspects such as Environmental, economic, social and governance issues. In fact, the concept of sustainable strategic development also refers to promoting the effective collaborations and interactions between these elements in the maritime supply chain. The main purpose of the research is to provide a comprehensive framework for sustainable strategic development in the field of maritime industry in the country which has been carried out by taking into account some key components such as stakeholder demands and supply chain performance. The method of collecting data in this study is a field-library one. After identifying various measures of the three main components of this research, namely, requests received from the stakeholders, sustainable strategic development and enhancement of the performance in shipping industry, ultimately, the results obtained by using the Delphi technique were moderated. Then, based on the five-option Likert Scale, a questionnaire is developed and distributed among the statistical samples. Meanwhile, structural equation modeling and path analysis techniques are used for data analysis. At the end, an appropriate model has been presented for explaining the relationship between the three main components of the conceptual model in this industry, so that the demands received from the beneficiaries directly have a significant relationship with the concept of enhancement in the performance of the maritime supply chain. Also, the mentioned requests indirectly and through the role of sustainable strategic development has a significant relationship with the enhancement of the performance of the maritime supply chain

Ethnic crisis has been one of the major challenges in the territorial integrity and internal security of our country in the history. Thus, in order to manage such crisis and minimize their costs, it would be essential to focus more on managing the situation before the crisis and specifically forecasting the crisis to prevent and get prepared to encounter them. The plurality of ethnic groups in Iran, despite the historical solidarity, can be detrimental to national security due to some internal inefficiencies and external crisis. Mass media considering their environmental monitoring function could recognize the potential and forming threats and crisis in the nation and report them to the authorities. Thus, our purpose in this study is to represent and scrutinize the effect of "environmental monitoring and exploration function of the mass media" in" forecasting the ethnic crisis". The method of this research is survey research. The method of sampling is objective and to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire the confirmation of journalists and to evaluate the stability of the questionnaire the alpha Cronbach method has been considered. The results of the study has been also been analyzed regarding to The student Method with the SPSS software. The result of the study confirms that from the media and crisis experts' perspective, the environmental monitoring and exploring function of the mass media has a significant effect on forecasting the ethnic crisis.

Meritocracy is one of the most important factors in managing every society and organization and the competency model is the introduction to this important. This research was conducted to identify, characterize and design a competency model of the commanders of the Army, based on the idea of the Commander in Chief. The method of this research is qualitative, and in terms of purpose is developmental-applied. In order to carry out this research, the statements, decrees and orders of the Supreme Commander in Chief from the years 1368 to1396 were studied and the main and the subordinate categories related to competency; were recognized, extracted and coded from the great statements, The reliability of the research was obtained 0.96 based on the Holsty agreement coefficient. According to the findings of the research, the Competency model of the military commanders of the Army of IRI includes eight main areas: moral and belief qualifications, values and ideals, insight and vision, revolution and jihadism, pivotal, command and leadership, management and behavioral, including 42 sub categories were designed. A comparative study of common model in the research literature suggests that the pattern of thought from the supreme Commander in Chief, based on the genuine Islamic principles, has a comprehensive look at the dimensions of human, organizational, spiritual and material excellence, and the foundations of belief, value, revolution, and jihad point are the strength and exceptional attribute of this model is to distinguish it from existing patterns.

An entrepreneurial university plays an important role in national and regional development, in addition to creating human capital for every society as a university with strategic purposes and an engine for developing the sustainable technology and economic growth. The purpose of this survey is to identify and explain the strategic aspects of an entrepreneurial university. This survey is applicable due to its purpose and measurable with descriptive method due to its method.
This survey deals with the strategic components of an entrepreneurial university. Strategic aspects mean the set of the procedures and decisions that every organization makes in order to gain competitive advantages to create more value for its audience than other competitors.
The statistical population in this study has included all chancellors, deputies, official managers, experts and heads of technical and vocational institutes in Mazandaran, Golestan and Semnan with 448 people. 207 samples were chosen through applying stratified randomly sampling and Cochran formula.
Gathering the data, the questionnaires were prepared. Validity and reliability of them have been confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis tests, Confirmatory factor analysis tests and Structural Equation Modeling were applied for analyzing the data. The results have indicated that the Strategic aspects of entrepreneurial university include 5 aspects which follow as: educational and researching, structural and organizational, human resource, social and cultural, economic and financial aspects

law is one of the necessities of social life, which is also responsible for regulating the relations of citizens at different levels, as well as how they interact with the state and the sovereigns,so as well as guaranteeing the preservation and survival of their socio-political life. Such a function of the law requires consideration and validity of the various components in its elaboration. The fact that all social components are considered in the drafting of the law may seem easy at first step. But the credibility of some of them due to the nature and role they play is unobtrusive, security is one such component. The disagreement over security credentials in the formulation of laws, especially the penal code, and the design of some of its conflicts with citizenship rights, has required a review of the rules in terms of security credentials. The present paper, based on the documentary analysis method and through analytical-descriptive research, after reviewing the theoretical literature of Imamieh jurisprudence at the time of the absence, considering the position of public policy in the field of law and law, examines the relationship between security and public policy in Islamic Criminal Laws; in this regard, by establishing the purpose of crime and security in the field of Islamic law, security is considered to be related to the general policy of Islam, the effectiveness of the criminal law of Islam is dependent on the security of its public policy

One of the basic concerns in Crisis Management is Inter-Organizational Coordination. The lack of inter-organizational coordination for Natural Disasters leads to damages such as increased casualties, injuries and financial expenses. In this research, to clarify the methods to enhance inter-organizational coordination for the management of natural disasters,  the factors affecting this type of coordination will be developed by theorizing and framing and also measuring the impact of each factor in the form of a conceptual model. The type of Research is applied and developmental, the information of which is provided by library studies (documental), interview with experts (Delphi method) and comments from 100 experts with practical experience and it was analyzed with SPSS software. Finally, the factors affecting the inter-organizational coordination and its relations are explored by using the structural equation model and this conceptual model (Amos) is testified with a high percentage. Based on the results of the proposed model and its factoral relations, six methods for enhancing inter-organizational coordination in strategic management of natural disaster is achieved.